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Review Article: Effects of Environmental Light Conditions on Physiology, Growth, Reproduction, Hematological Parameters, Immune Function, and Coloration in Ornamental Fish
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Reza Nahavandi   , Saeid Tamadoni Jahromi * , Siamak Behzadi , Sajjad Poormozaffar , Mohammad Khalil Pazir , Mohsen Gozari , Zahra Amini Khoei |
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Abstract: (296 Views) |
Light is one of the most important environmental factors regulating behavior, biological rhythms, and physiological processes in fish. In aquaculture, understanding the effects of different light characteristics, including spectral composition, light intensity, and photoperiod, is essential for optimizing growth, health, and reproductive performance. In ornamental fish culture, production quality is evaluated not only by growth and survival but also by coloration and color intensity, reproductive success, and immune status. This review examines the effects of environmental light conditions, including different light spectra, particularly red, blue, green, and white light, light intensity, photoperiod, and tank background color, on the physiology and culture performance of ornamental fish. Available evidence indicates that fish responses to lighting conditions depend on species, developmental stage, and environmental context. Through the regulation of circadian rhythms, melatonin secretion, and the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, light can influence sexual maturation and reproductive performance; however, the direction and magnitude of these effects vary among species. Lighting conditions may also affect growth, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, physiological stress responses, hematological parameters, and immune function. Furthermore, light spectrum and tank background color may influence the appearance and intensity of fish coloration through their effects on pigment cells and related physiological mechanisms. Overall, selecting and managing lighting conditions according to species-specific requirements may help improve the health, reproductive performance, growth, and visual quality of ornamental fish. Given the variation in responses among species, identifying optimal lighting conditions requires the evaluation of species-specific evidence and consideration of interactions among environmental and management factors.
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| Keywords: Light, ornamental fish, light spectrum, light intensity, photoperiod, growth, reproduction, coloration |
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Full-Text [PDF 436 kb]
(72 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
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Nahavandi R, Tamadoni Jahromi S, Behzadi S, Poormozaffar S, Pazir M K, Gozari M et al . Review Article: Effects of Environmental Light Conditions on Physiology, Growth, Reproduction, Hematological Parameters, Immune Function, and Coloration in Ornamental Fish. , JOA. 2026; 13 (3) :19-27 URL: http://ornamentalaquatics.ir/article-1-436-en.html
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