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Comparative review of bacterial and fungal diseases in ornamental fish with emphasis on species reported in Iran
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Saeid Tamadoni Jahromi *   , Soushyians Nooraei , Sajjad Pourmozaffar , Melika Nazemi , Mohsen Gozari , Reza Nahavandi |
| Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Ecology Research Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bandar Abbas, Iran & - |
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Abstract: (3 Views) |
| The global ornamental fish industry, with an annual value of 15 to 30 billion dollars and trade of over 1.5 billion live fish per year, is considered one of the fastest-growing sectors of aquaculture. However, infectious diseases, particularly bacterial and fungal diseases, pose a serious threat to the sustainability and profitability of this industry (Ashrafi Tamai et al., 2024). This review article provides a comprehensive comparison of these two categories of diseases in ornamental fish, including various aspects such as etiological agents, clinical signs, epidemiology, diagnostic methods, treatment, and control. In this study, reported cases of bacterial and fungal diseases in Iran have also been reviewed. Although bacterial diseases, with greater diversity of etiological agents and higher prevalence, contribute significantly to mortality, fungal infections often act as opportunistic secondary pathogens. In this article, in addition to describing the key differences between these two groups of diseases, the challenges related to treatment, including antibiotic resistance, as well as novel management approaches based on sustainable and integrated methods, are discussed. |
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| Keywords: Bacterial diseases, Fungal diseases, Ornamental fish, Aeromonas hydrophila, Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Saprolegnia, Aspergillus, Mixed infection, Antibiotic resistance, Opportunistic pathogens, Iran, Molecular diagnosis, Ornamental aquaculture |
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Full-Text [PDF 593 kb]
(1 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2026/05/23 | Accepted: 2026/07/1 | Published: 2026/07/1
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