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Investigation of genetic diversity of six economically important fish species in the Persian Gulf region using 16S rRNA genome
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R. Nahavandi *   , Saeed Tammadoni Jahromi |
| Animal Science Research Institute of Iran (ASRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran |
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Abstract: (545 Views) |
The decline of aquatic resources in various parts of the world has prompted fisheries researchers to study and determine the genetic structure of valuable species in their regions using molecular methods before taking practical steps to manage economically important fish stocks, ornamental fish and mangrove forest fish. Therefore, understanding the genetic structure of various economically important species in the Persian Gulf, including the six mentioned species, appears to be essential before taking practical measures to conserve and improve these resources. This study examines specific regions of the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA), known as 16SrDNA, were successfully amplified and sequenced. Approximately 600 to 650 base pairs were amplified and reliable bases from each gene were selected for phylogenetic analysis. Sampling was conducted in target areas encompassing the key unique habitats of the six studied species in the Persian Gulf. Species include Eleutheronema tetradactylum (Rashgo), Sparidentex hasta (Sobiti), Pomadasys kaakan (Sangsar), Otolithes ruber (Shorideh), Protonibea diacanthus (Mish mahi manqoot), and Pampus argenteus (Halva sefid). These species are considered as some of the most important marine organisms in this region, and the sampling was carried out in their natural habitats. According to standard methods, at least five fin pieces of the fin from each specimen of the studied species were separated for molecular analysis and precise species identification. In this research, Eleutheronema tetradactylum was identified as a distinct haplotype alongside samples from Malaysia and China in Clyde III, along with a sample of Protonibea diacanthus. In addition, a dominant sample of Protonibea diacanthus was observed in the Khuzestan region compared to a sample of the common mish mahi (Argyrosomus hololepidotus) in Hormozgan province, suggestion that the spotted species in the western Persian Gulf versus the common mish mahi in the eastern Persian Gulf. If this hypothesis is confirmed, this species can be considered a new and endemic species or morphotype of the Persian Gulf region. This species, along with the Otolithes ruber, completes the second clade with a divergence of eleven percent, alongside samples from India. The common pomfret (Pomadasys kaakan), with greater divergence compared to the other five mentioned species, was placed in the first clade, and no differences were observed among samples of this species from Hormozgan and Khuzestan. However, this species showed a nine percent divergence with a sample from China, indicating a lack of migration and reduced allele transfer between populations. Although this species exhibited a twelve percent divergence with the silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus) in the same clade, and a fourteen percent divergence with the Sparidentex hasta, indicating sister clustering. This research demonstrates that the use of 16SrDNA sequencing can provide valuable information about the population structure of fish, genetic relationships among species in the Persian Gulf region and the ecological status of these resources. Furthermore, these findings can aid in better management of aquatic resources and conservation planning efforts.
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| Keywords: Genetic diversity, Persian Gulf, PCR, mtDNA, 16SrDNA |
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Full-Text [PDF 888 kb]
(128 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2025/01/26 | Accepted: 2024/12/30 | Published: 2025/02/2
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