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:: Volume 12, Issue 3 (10-2025) ::
2025, 12(3): 45-54 Back to browse issues page
Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristics of Discus Fishes (Symphysodon spp.)
R. Manaffar * , R. Roshandel
Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Abstract:   (23 Views)
The discus fish (Symphysodon spp.) is one of the most valuable ornamental freshwater species due to its vibrant coloration, disc-shaped body, and complex social behavior, which have earned it a prominent position in the global aquarium industry. The phenotypic diversity observed in this species is influenced not only by genetic variation but also by environmental factors such as temperature, water quality, and diet, contributing to significant phenotypic plasticity.
To better understand this diversity, genetic studies using molecular markers such as mitochondrial DNA (COI, Cytb), SSR, and AFLP are essential, as they facilitate identification of commercial strains and assessment of population structure. Previous research has shown that integrating genetic and phenotypic data provides a comprehensive framework for selective breeding and conservation of genetic diversity.
This review examines phenotypic traits, including coloration, body patterning, and parental care behavior, followed by an overview of common molecular techniques used to determine genetic structure and identify strains. The final section addresses risks associated with inbreeding in closed populations without introduction of external genetic material, which may lead to reduced diversity, increased homozygosity, and genetic disorders. Finally, the potential for hybridization with other cichlid species and strategies for managing cultured populations to maintain genetic health are discussed.
 
Keywords: Discus Fish, Symphysodon spp., Genotype, Ornamental Fish, Phenotype
Full-Text [PDF 897 kb]   (12 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Research | Subject: Special
Received: 2025/10/18 | Accepted: 2025/10/2 | Published: 2025/10/2
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Manaffar R, Roshandel R. Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristics of Discus Fishes (Symphysodon spp.). Ornamental Aquatics 2025; 12 (3) :45-54
URL: http://ornamentalaquatics.ir/article-1-404-en.html


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Volume 12, Issue 3 (10-2025) Back to browse issues page
مجله علمی آبزیان زینتی Journal of Ornamental Aquatics
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