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Microscopic Examination of Scale Morphology in the Doctor Fish Garra ghorensis (Cyprinidae: Labeoninae): Structural Features as Taxonomic Tools
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S. Echreshavi   , N. Hamidan , H.R. Esmaeili * |
| Ichthyology and Molecular Systematics Research Laboratory, Zoology Section, Department of Biology, School of Science, Shiraz, University, Shiraz, Iran |
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Abstract: (8 Views) |
This study presents a detailed analysis of scale morphology and morphometric traits in Garra ghorensis, a cyprinid species adapted to fast-flowing waters of the Southeastern Dead Sea basin. Optical and scanning electron microscopy were employed to investigate structural characteristics of scales and to evaluate their potential taxonomic value. The scales of G. ghorensis are primarily cycloid, exhibiting distinctive radial patterns and unique topological features that contribute to both hydrodynamic efficiency and protection. Morphological traits—including scale type, size, shape, lateral surface, focal position, circuli, radii types, lepidonts, and margin forms—were examined across six body regions. Findings highlight strong attachment, overlapping arrangement, and a thin yet robust structure that enhance defense, flexibility, and transparency, while reducing drag and body weight. Variations in striae (radii) types (primary, secondary, tertiary) across anterior, posterior, and lateral fields produced a characteristic four-cut pattern typical of the genus Garra. Scale margin morphology (smooth or wavy) and lepidont variability (smooth, rounded, fine, short) further support their utility for species identification, classification, and phylogenetic interpretation among freshwater fishes.
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| Keywords: Cypriniformes, Freshwater fish, Doctor fish, Scale morphology, Ultrastructural features, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Cycloid scales |
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Full-Text [PDF 2677 kb]
(4 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2025/09/7 | Accepted: 2025/10/2 | Published: 2025/09/7
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