fa مقاله علمی – پژوهشی:‌ اثرات جیره‌‌های حاوی باکتری‌‌های Bacillus subtilis و Lactococcus lactis بر خون‌‌شناسی سلولی و آنزیم‌‌های گوارشی ماهی اسکار ببری (Astronotus ocellatus Agassiz, 1831) تخصصي Special پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">ماهی اسکار </span></span>(<i>Astronotus ocellatus</i>) <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">یکی از محبوب‌ترین ماهیان آکواریومی نیاز به توجه بیشتری جهت فراهم آوردن سلامت در شرایط پرورشی دارد. با توجه به گسترش به‌کارگیری باکتری‌های پروبیوتیک در صنعت آبزی‌پروری، این تحقیق جهت ارزیابی اثرات باکتری</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">‌‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">های</span></span><i>Lactococcus lactis</i> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;و</span></span> <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">بر آنزیم</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">‌‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">های گوارشی و خون</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">‌‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">شناسی ماهی به عنوان شاخص‌های سلامت اسکار انجام گرفت. آزمایش با300&nbsp; قطعه بچه ماهی با میانگین وزنی 03/0</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt">&plusmn;</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">96/8 گرم و طول 02/0</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt">&plusmn;</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"> 23/8 &nbsp;سانتی</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">‌‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">متر طی 70 روز با جیره حاوی باکتری</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">‌‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">های مذکور در 9 گروه تیماری </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">با غلظت باکتریایی </span></span>CFU/g<span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"> 10¹⁰ به صورت </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">مقادیر 150، 300 و450 میلی</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">‌‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">گرم باکتری افزوده شده در هر کیلوگرم غذا و تیمارهای ترکیبی دو نوع باکتری</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">‌‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">ها به </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">‌‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">اندازه 75 و 225 میلی‌گرم در هر کیلو غذا و تیمار شاهد طراحی شد. در پایان دوره پرورش،</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"> نتایج حاصل از شاخص</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">‌‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">های خونی نشان‌دهنده </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">افزایش </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">گلبول</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">‌‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">های قرمز، مقادیر هموگلوبین و هماتوکریت در تیمار 3 (</span></span>LL₄₅₀<span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">) بود </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">(</span></span>P<0.05<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">).</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"> همچنین&nbsp; نتایج حاصل از فعالیت آنزیم</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">‌‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">های گوارشی شامل آمیلاز، لیپاز و پروتئاز </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">در بین </span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">تیمارهای</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">دریافت‌کننده باکتری </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">به‌ویژه</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:"> تیمار 3 (</span></span>LL₄₅₀<span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">) </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">از نظر آماری به طور معنی</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">‌‌</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">داری با شاهد متفاوت بود (</span></span>P<0.05<span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">). </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Compset""></span></span></span></span></span></span> <pre style="text-align:justify; text-indent:-.05pt"> <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Consolas"><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Oscar fish</span></span> <span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">(<i>Astronotus ocellatus</i>), </span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">is </span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">one of the most popular aquarium fish, which needs more attention to provide health in breeding conditions. Due to the expansion of the use of probiotic bacteria in the aquaculture industry </span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">this</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> research was conducted to evaluate the effects of <i>Lactococcus lactis</i> and <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> on digestive enzymes and hematology </span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">as health indices </span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">of Oscar. </span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">The experiment was set up with </span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">300 juveniles with an average weight of 8.96 &plusmn; 0.03 (gr) and a length of 8.23 </span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:">​​</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">&plusmn;</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> 0.02 (cm) during 70 days with a diet containing the two mentioned bacteria in 9 treatment groups of CFU/g 10¹⁰ bacteria</span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">l</span></span> <span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:">​​</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">concentration as 150, 300 and 450 mg added bacteria per kg of food and equal </span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">mixtures</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> of both bacteria as 75, 150 and 225 mg per kg of food and were compared with control treatment. At the end of rearing period the results of the blood indices showed an increase in red blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit values </span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span cambria="" math="" style="font-family:">​​</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">in treatment 3 (LL₄₅₀) (P<0.05). Also, the results of the activity of digestive enzymes, including amylase, lipase and protease, </span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">in</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> the treatments receiving bacterial added diets, especially in treatment 3 (LL₄₅₀), statistically </span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">was differing from</span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> control (P<0.05).</span></span></span></span></span></span></pre> پروبیوتیک, ماهی اسکار, Lactococcus lactis, Bacillus subtilis, آنزیم‌‌های گوارشی, سلول‌های خونی Probiotics, Oscar, Lactococcus lactis, Bacillus subtilis, digestive enzymes, blood cells 1 10 http://ornamentalaquatics.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-206-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Abbas Hasaninia عباس حسنی نیا abbas.hasaninia@gmail.com 10031947532846002438 10031947532846002438 No Islamic Azad University, Branch of Lahijan دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد لاهیجان Habib Vahabzadeh Roudsari حبیب وهابزاده رودسری habib.vahabzadeh@gmail.com 10031947532846002439 10031947532846002439 Yes Islamic Azad University, Branch of Lahijan دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد لاهیجان Hossein Khara حسین خارا h.khara1974@yahoo.com 10031947532846002440 10031947532846002440 No Islamic Azad University, Branch of Lahijan دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد لاهیجان Alireza Shaenavar e masouleh علیرضا شناور ماسوله shenavar1969@gmail.com 10031947532846002441 10031947532846002441 No Iranian Fisheries research organization موسسه تحقیقات شیلات ایران Mohadeseh Ahmadnezhad محدثه احمدنژاد m_ahmadnezhad@yahoo.com 10031947532846002442 10031947532846002442 No Iranian Fisheries research organization ، موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور