fa مقاله علمی – ترویجی:‌ مروری بر فرایند تکثیر و پرورش ماهیان کوی (Koi Fish) و جنبه‌های اقتصادی آن تخصصي Special كاربردي Applicable <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">ماهیان</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">کوی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">وابسته</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">به</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">رودخانه‌های</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">آرام</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">،</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">دریاچه‌ها</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">و</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">آبگیرهای</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">آب</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">شیرین</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">می‌باشند</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">. </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">براین</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">اساس</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">نتایج</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">دانشمندان</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">نشان</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">می‌دهد</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">که</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">زیستگاه</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">اولیه</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">کوی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">در</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">دریاچه‌های</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">آسیای</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">صغیر</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">به‌ویژه</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">در</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">دریاچه‌های</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">ایران</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">بوده</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">است. کوی‌ها</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">عموماً</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">بنتوز خوارند. صدها</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">سال</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">پیش</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">این</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">ماهی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">با</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">نام</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">ماهی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">ماگوی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">در</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">ایران</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">وجود</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">داشته</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">است</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">و</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">به</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">عنوان</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">کالای</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">صادراتی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">خوراکی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">به</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">کشورهای</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">ژاپن،</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">چین</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">و</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">اروپای</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">غربی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">صادر</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">می‌شد. زمانی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">که</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">تکثیر</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">این</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">ماهی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">به</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">عنوان</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">ماهی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">زینتی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">آغاز</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">شد،</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">تکثیر</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">کوی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">قرمز</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">و</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">سفید</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">مورد</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">توجه</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">بسیار</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">قرار</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">گرفت. امروزه بیش</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">از</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">صد</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">نوع</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">از</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">این</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">ماهی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">در</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">جهان</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">تکثیر</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">می‌شوند</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">که</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">تنوع</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">آنها</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">در</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">رنگ‌بندی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">بدن</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">آنهاست. تکثیر</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">ماهی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">کوی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">به</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">روش</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">صنعتی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">همان‌طور</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">ی</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">‌که</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">از</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">نامش</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">پیداست،</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">بر</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">افزایش</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">تعداد</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">موالید</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">تمرکز</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">دارد. برای</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">تکثیر</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">ماهی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">کوی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">به</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">روش</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">صنعتی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">روش‌های</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">متنوعی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">وجود</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">دارد</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">که</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">در</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">تمامی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">آنها</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">تعداد</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">بچه</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">ماهی‌های</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">به‌دست</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">آمده</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">به</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">شکل</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">قابل</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">توجهی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">بیشتر</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">از</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">سایر</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">روش‌های</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">سنتی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">است. اما</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">آنچه</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">به</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">عنوان</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">مشکل</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">اصلی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">در</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">مورد</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">تکثیر</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">صنعتی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">معمولا</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">ً </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">مطرح</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">است،</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">افزایش</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">آسیب</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">و</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">استرس</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">برای</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">خود</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">ماهیان</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">مولد</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">است. به</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">همین</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">دلیل</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">همچنان</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">بسیاری</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">از</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">تکثیرکنندگان</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">اصیل</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">ماهی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">کوی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">از</span></span>&nbsp; <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">شیوه‌های</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">سنتی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">یا</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">شیوه‌های</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">نیمه</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">سنتی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">برای</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">تکثیر</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">ماهی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">کوی</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">استفاده</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">می‌کنند.</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">در</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">نتیجه،</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">امروزه</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">بیشتر</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">ماهیان</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">موجود</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">در</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">بازار</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">از</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">این</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">روش</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">به‌دست</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" compset="" style="font-family:">آمده‌اند.</span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:17.0pt"><span style="tab-stops:right 6.5in"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Koi is one of the ornamental fish that lives in freshwater streams, lakes and lagoons. Geographical evolutionists believe that its origins from central Asia and Iran. The Koi Fish are benthivore. It was famous in the name of Magoi in the Old Persian Empire. The Japan and China have imported this fish from Persian Empire and started to cultivate them many years ago. The red and white koi fish are very popular. Propagation in many diversities of this fish in different colors is very popular in the rest World.&nbsp;&nbsp; Koi culture shows success in hatching rate in industrial methods. Producing fish larvae are very important in these industrial methods.&nbsp; Koi farmers prefer traditional methods due to existence of many stress factors in Koi intensive industrial culture. Non intensive and semi-intensive methods are very popular among the Koi fish farmers. </span></span></span></span></span></span> ماهی ماگوی, ماهیان زینتی, روش‌های تکثیر و پرورش Magoi Fish, Ornamental fish, Reproduction methods 37 51 http://ornamentalaquatics.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-50-2&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Seyed Mohammad Salavatian سید محمد صلواتیان salavatian_2002@yahoo.com 10031947532846002192 10031947532846002192 Yes National Fisheries Science Research Institute موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور Taherah Kachalaki طاهره کچلکی T.Kachalaki@yahoo.com 10031947532846002193 10031947532846002193 No Payame Noor University دانشگاه پیام نور بندرانزلی Sahebali Gorbani صاحبعلی قربانی sahebali_gorbani@yahoo.com 10031947532846002194 10031947532846002194 No National Fisheries Science Research Institute موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور Seyed Afshin Amiri sendesi سید افشین امیری سندسی amirisendesi2005@yahoo.com 10031947532846002195 10031947532846002195 No National Fisheries Science Research Institute موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور Mohammad Raza Ramzani Mamodani محمد رضا رمضانی مامودانی ramezani49@yahoo.com 10031947532846002196 10031947532846002196 No National Fisheries Science Research Institute موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور